How are sanctioned oil and refined products moving — and what comes next for the shadow fleet?

Nearly 3,000 tankers are linked to transporting high-risk #crude oil and refined products, alongside other high-risk maritime activity. Kpler analysts combine AIS, satellite imagery, machine learning, and a global source network — reinforced by relentless human verification — to bring transparency, even as obfuscation grows more sophisticated. This visualisation tracks voyages of high-risk crude oil and refined products, as well as spoofing events, highlighting the divergence between vessels’ spoofed #AIS positions and their satellite-confirmed locations from November 2025 to January 2026. These tactics are becoming increasingly sophisticated, including spoofing at known crude oil load ports and the use of identities belonging to decommissioned tankers. As enforcement actions escalate in a rapidly shifting geopolitical landscape, Kpler continues to raise the bar on maritime intelligence — keeping sanctioned flows in view, no matter how sophisticated the deception becomes.